Descendants of a Jewish banker who fled Nazi persecution are still fighting for Van Gogh's 1888 Sunflowers, the version now hanging in Tokyo's Sompo Museum of Art. In June 2026 the family opened a new front, filing a fresh complaint in New Jersey federal court under the 2025 Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act after a string of defeats. The painting stays in Japan while the case proceeds, and further rounds of litigation are expected. The canvas once belonged to Paul von Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, a Berlin banker who began collecting in 1902 and later lost his home and bank position under the Nazi regime. Filings cited in the Center for Art Law report say that between September 1933 and February 1934 he parted with sixteen of his most valuable paintings, including Sunflowers, which passed through the Paris dealer Paul Rosenberg. The work eventually reached Tokyo after Japanese insurer Yasuda Fire & Marine bought it at a Christie's London sale in 1987; Yasuda was later absorbed into Sompo Holdings. The heirs first sued Sompo in Illinois in 2022, seeking the painting's return and the profits earned from showing it. The judge threw the case out in 2024, ruling the court had no jurisdiction over the Japanese defendants, and the Seventh Circuit upheld that decision. A petition asking the U.S. Supreme Court to take the case, backed by a brief from the American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists, was turned down. The heirs then refiled in New Jersey in June 2026, arguing the 2025 HEAR Act means such claims should be decided on their merits rather than on procedural grounds. The dispute is one of a wave of restitution cases forcing museums and insurers to reckon with wartime provenance. The report's author, Amanda Buonaiuto, who leads the Center for Art Law's Nazi-Era Looted Art Restitution Project, frames the painting's long journey from a Berlin collection to a Tokyo museum wall as evidence that the accounting for Nazi-era art seizures remains unfinished nearly a century after the sales.